Arctic Architecture - Paleo-Eskimo and Neo-Eskimo Houses

Relationship Between Accounting Principles Board And The...

Relationship History A brief history of the relationship between the Accounting Principles Board and the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Accounting Principles Board. In 1936 the American Institute of Accountants merged with the American Society of Certified Public Accountants, forming a larger organization later named the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). In 1936 the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Committee on Accounting Procedure (CAP) was formed.(Schroeder Cathey, 2010, p. 6) 1959 The AICPA responded to the alleged shortcomings of the CAP by forming the Accounting Principles Board (APB). The objectives of this body were to advance the written expression of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), to narrow areas of difference in appropriate practice, and to in the method of establishing accounting principles (Schroeder Cathey, 2010, p. 7) By the late 1960s, criticism of the development of accounting principles again arose. This criticism ce ntered on the following factors: 1. The independence of the members of the Accounting Principles Board . The individuals serving on the board had full-time responsibilities elsewhere that might influence their views of certain issues. 2. The structure of the board. The largest eight public accounting firms were automatically awarded one member, and there were usually five or six other public accountants on the APB. 3. Response time. The emerging accounting problems were notShow MoreRelatedHistory of the Relationship Between Fasb Iasb1633 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: RELATIONSHIP OF IASB AND FASB The Relationship of the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standard Board Accounting Theory Research 541 The History amp; Relationship of the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standard Board The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and independent standard-setting body of the IFRS Foundation was created after the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) toRead MoreThe Relationship Between Fasb and Iasb1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Relationship Between FASB and IASB Jennifer Purvis ACC 541 March 14, 2011 Delphine L. Agnor Wolsker The Relationship Between FASB and IASB Introduction The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was created after the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to establish a single set of accounting procedures and standards for both boards. The process has not always been an easy one, but the goal of merging the accounting standards globally overrides the disagreements. OvercomingRead MoreAcc 541 Accounting Standards Board Paper1116 Words   |  5 PagesAccounting Standards Boards Leslie Brian ACC/541 November 14, 2011 Delphine Agnor Wolsker Accounting Standards Boards The field of accounting is constantly evolving. This is true not only for the theory of accounting itself but also the entities that govern its theory and practice. Presently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) are faced with some of the biggest challenges to date. To understand the significanceRead MoreAccounting Standards Boards Paper1401 Words   |  6 PagesAccounting Standards Boards Paper In recent years there has been significant changes made in our understanding of the relationship between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). At present both the IASB and FASB are working on a joint venture referred to as the convergence project in hopes of eliminating a variety of differences between International Financial Reporting Standards and U.S. GAAP. Another area covered in this paper besidesRead MoreFasb1087 Words   |  5 PagesThe International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) are two of the most important bodies of the Accounting/Finance field today. Though both boards work together to develop and enforce financial reporting standards for publicly held organizations, the FASB concentrates on the accounting standards in the United States while the IASB sets its focus on global standards. The rules and standards that are set for individual certified public accountantsRead MoreRelationship Between Iasb and Fasb1151 Words   |  5 PagesRelationship Between IASB and FASB In 1973, the private sector International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was formed. The IASB is a natural extension of a global market that has been evolving over the last three decades. The IASB formulates and publishes accounting standards to be observed when presenting financial statements and promote their global acceptance. As an overarching mission, the IASB works to improve and harmonize accounting standards, regulations, and procedures as it relatesRead MoreEthical and Legal Obligations Paper880 Words   |  4 Pagesmake it imperative that its officers, directors and employees act at all times in an honest and ethical manner in connection with their service to that particular company. The principles of integrity and accountability are the cornerstone of that companies success. This code of business conduct and ethics sets basic principles to guide all employees, officers, and directors of that particular company. All of the personnel and directors of that business sh ould conduct themselves accordingly to avoidRead MoreAccounting Standards Boards Paper 41437 Words   |  6 PagesAccounting Standards Boards Paper University of Phoenix ACC 541—Accounting theory and Research Professor: Cecil B. Lucy Lien Bach October 26, 2010 Introduction Accounting was created thousand years ago. Many companies use accounting system to record, maintain and report, and analyze business financial transactions. Because managers and investors make their business decisions based on Financial Statement, information obtained from Financial Statement must be concise and reliable. BudgetsRead MoreAccounting Standard Board Paper 31433 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARDS PAPER Accounting Standards Boards Paper Lila Alemar ACC 541 Shauki Smith May 24, 2010 History of the relationship between IASB and FASB The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) began operations in 2001. It is an organization committed to developing, in the public interest, a single set of high quality, global accounting standards that require transparent and comparable information in general purpose financialRead MoreGeneral Accepted Accounting Principles Of Accounting1689 Words   |  7 Pagesaccepted accounting principles Name Institution Professor Course Date Introduction General Accepted Accounting Principles, (GAAP) can be defined as the common set of accounting rules, standards and protocols, set by policy boards, which financial institutions and other companies use to assemble their financial statements. On the other hand, International Accounting Standards Board develops and maintains the International Financial Reporting Standards, which is a single set of accounting standards

Americas Culture Essay - 1589 Words

America’s Culture America is cultural diversity. It is not home to one race or one culture. The building of American history was done through Irish, Black, Japanese, Korean, and many other cultures combined. The people of these various backgrounds came together for a common cause. To attempt create the society that they believed was better than there original origin’s way of life. Many of these founders undertook great hardships and some even death to create something that some people many times overlook or take for granted. If you look at our American society as a whole, you will notice that many Americans share certain beliefs and even customs in common. From the objects in our houses to the food we eat and the clothing they†¦show more content†¦In response to assimilation Mukherjee says I hope to interact with the country I live in†¦I need to feel part of the community I have adopted and need to put roots down, to vote and make a difference that I can(119). Culture is an idea o f celebrating a common way of life. Every country has a culture and America should not be excluded from this idea simply because of the fact that it is made up of immigrants of many differing cultures. Yes, my family does celebrate ethnic specific traditions but, not for the same reasons my ancestors did. Family practices three traditions that are based on my ethnicity. Every Christmas Eve we practice the Polish tradition of Oplatek. This tradition involves the sharing of special bread between family member while wishing each other a Merry Christmas. Every December 6th, when I was younger, we celebrated the German the feast day of St. Nicholas by placing our shoes near the fireplace in hopes that he we leave a present. Finally, we also celebrate the polish tradition of Packski Day or Fat Tuesday (Which is celebrated the day before Lent begins). I believe that my family continues to celebrate these traditions because they are a fun, a way to bring the family together, and my ancestor ’s celebrated them with pride because they identified who they were. I am proud of who they were culturally, but I am moreShow MoreRelatedAmericas Society in Deborah Tannens book, The Argument Culture1228 Words   |  5 PagesDeborah Tannens book, The Argument Culture, is a compelling piece that looks at the perceived argument culture that is permeating the United States and the West in general. I do agree with what Ms. Tannen is saying, that there is a form of argument culture, but I think it could be argued that there is a contrasting part of American society called a nice culture as well. On the one hand, you have people who will argue about topics whenever the opportunity arises, but on the other hand you haveRead MoreA Book Report of: Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in America’s Classrooms2975 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿ A Book Report of: Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in America’s Classrooms Abstract This paper is intended to explore and report upon the topics posited by Tyrone C. Howard in his book, Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in Americas Classrooms. Closely examining each and every chapter as they come and how the structure of this book gives a detailed framework and guidance system for noviceRead MoreAmericas Faith Community : American Culture1459 Words   |  6 PagesWHY: For most of the 20th Century, America’s Faith Community enjoyed the luxury of reposeful sanctuary within their Houses of Worship. Such places were considered â€Å"off limits† for acts of crime and mayhem by most Americans. Reality often mirrored this anticipation. Even the criminal element looked with great disdain upon those victimizing churches and synagogues. However, immunity to the problems slowly began to deteriorate. The lawless began to view holy and sacred locations as merely wealthyRead MoreAmerica’s Failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration2483 Words   |  10 PagesAmerica’s failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration Richard B. Carpenter Adams State College America’s failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration Richard B. Carpenter Adams State College Abstract For over a century, America has waged a failing war on drugs even as it feeds a cultural apathetic and underground acceptance of drug and alcohol use. The views of the dominate group have placed blame on society’s ills on the evilsRead MoreEssay on The Impact of African-American Sitcoms on Americas Culture977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impact of African-American Sitcoms on Americas Culture Since its start, the television industry has been criticized for perpetuating myths and stereotypes about African-Americans through characterizations, story lines, and plots. The situation comedy has been the area that has seemed to draw the most criticism, analysis, and disapproval for stereotyping. From Sanford and Son and The Jefferson’s in the 1970s to The Cosby Show (1984) and The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air in the 1990s, sitcomsRead MoreHow the Movies of the 1970’s and 1980’s Reflected America’s Mood and Culture1552 Words   |  7 Pagesthe night of self- indulgence was the 1980’s. Americans love to escape from our daily stress, and of all the products that allow us to do so, none is more popular than the movies. Movies are key cultural artifacts that offer a view of American culture and social history. They not only offer a snapshot of hair styles and fashions of the times but they also provide a host of insights into Americans’ ever- changing ideals. Like any cultural artifact, the movies can be approached in a number of waysRead MoreAfrican American Stereotypes Reality Television1531 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters to keep their audience coming back for more (Tyree, 2011, p. 395). This involves the heavy use of racial stereotypes in their shows because it allows for quick character development as well as cheap entertainment. The way a particular race or culture is represented on reality television can adversely affect the way society views that group because these portrayals are based on â€Å"internalized racist views† (Boylorn, 2008, p. 414). Boylorn’s analysis focused moreover on how black women view themselvesRead MoreThe Distortion of Image in Americas Top Model Essay1227 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as America’s Next Top Model can have a strong influence in today’s society. America’s Next Top Model is a popular modeling and competition show that aims towards a group of pe ople, particularly women. These aspiring models have to face weekly challenges while living together in order to compete for a modeling contract. Given that many viewers enjoy watching the show, it has become a serious issue affecting our culture. In general, many reality television shows, particularly the America’s Next TopRead MoreEssay on Reality Television Shows1317 Words   |  6 Pagesof the television show, Survivor defines reality TV as ‘Shows containing producer created environments that control contestant behaviour. But this definition does not include emergency services and police force programs such as Crimewatch or America’s Most Wanted. The reality show I am going to be analysing is ‘Made in Chelsea’ also known as MIC. The scripted reality series is a BAFTA award winning show that is broadcasted by E4 and first aired on the 9th May 2011. Made in Chelsea was createdRead MoreThe novel aims at projecting the ethical aspect of Indian immigrants in Jhumpa Lahiri’s debut novel700 Words   |  3 Pagesas indentured labourers but now they migrate for the prospect of career building and profit making. But in both the cases culture plays a very important role in their life. In their socio-political liminality and marginal statues, the immigrants enjoy life in economic subjugation but have an emotional emancipation in their contra acculturation. In the super structure of America’s multicultural society they have cross-cultural experiences. This helps them to reconcile between their inherited and acquired

The Shawshank Redemption Is A Film Directed By Frank Darabont

The Shawshank Redemption is a film directed by Frank Darabont and written by Stephen King, released in the year 1994. This film was nominated for seven Oscars and is nothing less than phenomenal. The movie was based on Andy Dufresne who was played by actor Tim Robbins. He is sentenced to two consecutive life terms in prison for the murders of his wife and her and is sentenced to a maximum security prison. However, only Andy knows he did not commit this crime he is accused of. While serving his time in prison, he forms a friendship with Red who is played by actor Morgan Freeman, and they together experience the brutality of life in prison. Although the movie was taken place in a prison and it may seem extremely weird to feel this way. I think this movie gives viewers a warm and heart felt feeling. In many movies we get the vicarious experiences and quick, insincere emotions. Shawshank uses the narrator s calm, attentive voice to include us in the story of men who have formed a commun ity behind bars. It is deeper than most films; about continuity in a lifetime, based on friendship and hope. Although this movie was nominated for several different awards the movie violated many constitutional rights and had some issues that negatively affects the prison system. Inmates brutally beaten, remaining institutionalized upon the failure to become knowledgeable about the world, unfair treatment and denied parole for no evident reason, taken advantage of as the warden used inmatesShow MoreRelatedThe Shawshank Redemption Is An American Drama Film Directed By Frank Darabont1707 Words   |  7 PagesThe Shawshank redemption is an American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont in the year 1994, starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman. The film’s screenplay has been adapted from the Stephen King Novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank redemption and talks about the life of a man named Andy Dufresne, a banker who is sentenced to life imprisonment in the Shawsha nk State prison for murder of his wife and her lover, even despite his claims of innocence. While the main genre of the film isRead MoreThe Brilliant Film, Shawshank Redemption Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesCompanion To the Movies Title and Year: â€Å"Shawshank Redemption† (1994) Director: Frank Darabont (based on the Stephen King novel) Actors: Tim Robbins, Morgan Freeman, Bob Gunton, and William Sadler. The Shot Long/medium/close-up: Roger Deakins, the film’s cinematographer, and director Frank Darabont worked together to create this wonderful and classical film heavily utilizing long shots, close ups, and slow zooms. Throughout the film â€Å"Shawshank Redemption†, a series of shots take place where theRead MoreShawshank Redemption Themes800 Words   |  4 PagesFrank Darabont directed The Shawshank Redemption and wrote the screenplay based on the novel Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption by author Stephen King. The movie was made in 1994 and produced by Niki Marvin. The movie stars Morgan Freeman and Tim Robbins as two convicts serving time in a New England prison named Shawshank. Tim Robbins plays a man named Andy Dufresne, a banker, who gets convicted of murdering his wife and her lover and is sent to prison in Shawshank. Andy eventually becomes goodRead MoreThe Shawshank Redemption By Frank Darabont1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe Shawshank Redemption directed by Frank D arabont is a 1994 American drama film set in the Ohio State Reformatory in Mansfield, Ohio. The film is an enthralling film about the survival of one of its prisoners, Andy Dufresne, the protagonist convicted to life imprisonment in Shawshank prison during 1947. Facing incarceration, Andy’s character as a city banker forms a relationship with a prison inmate ‘Red’ to fight despair. Darabont uses film techniques such as camera work, soundtrack and lightingRead More Stephen Kings Shawshank Redemption Essays777 Words   |  4 PagesKings Rita Haywort and the Shawshank Redemption Rita Haywort and the Shawshank Redemption was first presented in 1982, by Stephen King and hooked the hearts of the worlds readers. Literature reviews were immediately written about the book and quickly recognized as one of the years best. Rek Rehn, a book reviewer for Mouth Shut.com Wrote: This book is the jewel of the crown, a tender tale of hope, friendship and retribution. Years later in 1994, Shawshank Redemption was again recognized byRead MoreMovie Review : The Guilty Prison Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pageswrite a film review because I am passionate about this film and how they make it seem so real and the lessons you can lessons you can learn from them. My purpose of this film review is to persuade people that this is an amazing film and a lot of life lessons that come with it. Title: The Guilty Prison Displacement The Shawshank redemption is drama film directed by Frank Darabont set in the Shawshank State Prison through the 1930’s to the 1940’s time period in the USA. Director Darabont has beenRead MoreThe Shawshank Redemption1051 Words   |  5 PagesReview A story of hope is just about the last thing youd expect to find in a prison movie. But in  The Shawshank Redemption, thats exactly what you get. Shawshank  is the story of Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins), a man convicted of murdering his wife and her lover and shipped to a maximum-security prison in Shawshank, Maine, for two consecutive life sentences. Over the next years (two hours, movie time), he finds his way to inner peace and self-reliance in the midst of the terror and inequity ofRead MoreThe Shawshank Redemption851 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyse how the opening of your studied text effectively introduced a key idea or a main character In the film, The Shawshank Redemption directed by Frank Darabont, the opening scene effectively introduces a key idea that the prison is capable of taking away prisoners identities by removing away any control they have of their lives, and their rights as human beings. The director makes clever use of the techniques of camera shots, lighting, costume and dialogue to show the prisons destructiveRead More The Shawshank Redemption Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pages The Shawshank Redemption is a prison movie that is based on a book by Stephen King and directed by Frank Darabont. The movie is not the average bloody horror movie; instead, it takes you to a place where your worst nightmares come alive. The tremendous performance by Morgan Freeman and other actors has truly brought this film to life. The emotions characters portrayed were so real that every one could feel compassion toward them. The Shawshank Redemption, a contribution to the working man, illustratesRead MoreFilm Analysis Of T he Film The Shawshank Redemption970 Words   |  4 PagesLiam The 1994 film â€Å"The Shawshank Redemption† directed by Frank Darabont is about a banker named Andy Dufresne who is falsely accused and sentenced to life in prison at Shawshank for the murder of his wife and her lover. This is where he meets Red, a man who is also serving a life sentence, has been in Shawshank for quite some time and is known as â€Å"a man who knows how to get things†. The meeting of these two characters produced many significant moments and scenes, but there is one that I found

History of the Old Testament of the Bible Essay - 3002 Words

Studying the Old Testament is not as straightforward as some may think. Being able to recall stories of the Bible does not necessarily mean you have a thorough grasp on the history of Israel and the surrounding nations. Some people read and discuss the Bible without a solid understanding of the history and social issues that were going on at the time. Being able to relate to the stories in the Bible and struggle with some of the same problems faced by the people in the Bible gives you a greater appreciation for the works in the Bible. I feel that having a firm understanding of all the related history of Israel gives a student of the Old Testament a far greater understanding of why these stories are in the Bible and what was meant to†¦show more content†¦yet they are writing about the construction of a Temple almost 350 years earlier to their contemporary. This is because during the time of the Deuteronomic writer Babylon had destroyed the Temple and Israel is in a state of rebuilding itself. Because the deuteronomistic historians wanted to emphasize their own theological teachings, they selected from the royal annals only what served their purpose, and added interpretive passages. Anderson p.213 This is concept that we should become familiar with and understand. Hardly anything in the Bible is written down as it happened (In relation to time, not saying the bible is inaccurate in its accounts of events). Stories and passages from the Bible are historical stories or events that are written down and applied to the current state of the nation. A rather cleaver example of this phenomena (at least I believe it to be cleaver) is take for example our Buffalo Bills win a football game. If you talk to a fan of the losing team and pursue themShow MoreRelatedHow We Got The Bible1382 Words   |  6 PagesHow We Got the Bible Ever since I was born I have been attending church. At this young age they teach you everything about the main stories or the main points of the Bible. At my church I learned stories from Noah’s ark to the story of Adam and Eve eating the apple from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. I learned about who was the narrator of the Bible and who created our earth. I never knew who were the people that printed out the pages or chose a specific font for the Bible. I didn’t haveRead MoreJewish And Christian Sacred Text1001 Words   |  5 Pagestheir opinions on sacred text. Jewish people and Christians both have sacred text; however, Christians believe that the Bible is meant to be read as a text as a whole. Christians have the Holy Bible and Jews have what is known as the Tanakh. In relation to the Christian Bible, the Tanakh is only the Old Testament, while the Holy Bible is both the Old Testament and the New Testament. This means that stories like Creation, Original Sin, and Ten Commandments are the same for both religions. While theRead MoreHistory of the Bible Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesInstructor Pursell English 132 9 December 2009 The History of the Canonization of the Bible The process by which the English Bible, as it is known to the English culture today, was compiled is an extraordinary thing to see. The Bible consists of two parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The process by which both Testaments were written and then canonized into one book transpired over a period of many years. Once the canonization of the Bible officially came to an end, it was translated intoRead MoreHistory And Historical Context Of The Old Testament1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe history of how the Bible came into existence has been explored for centuries and is an active area of study today. There are many facets to the Bible and each has its own set of unique characteristics and teachings. The Old Testament is considered a contemporary guide for daily living, even though it was composed hundreds of years ago. Where did the Old Testament come from? What are some of the influences that shaped the Old Testament? What are the significant events of the Old Testa mentRead MoreThe Magna Carte, The Declaration Of Independence, And But The Communist Manifesto1534 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout out the history of the world many documents have had profound influences upon humanity. The Magna Carte, The Declaration of Independence, and even the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx are examples of some of the documents that have helped to shape humanity. The Bible has had perhaps more impact on humanity than any other Document ever written. Many people read the Bible, but know little of the history of the Bible itself. The history of the Bible is a fascinating story of theRead MoreThe Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon1447 Words   |  6 Pages canon defines the identity of the believing community and the ownership claims of the standardized texts by this community. On the contrary, orthodoxy refers to the accurate, traditional or currently accepted religious beliefs. Throughout the history of the church, several events have occurre d and caused the need for orthodoxy of Christians’ belief system such as Constantine consolidation of power. While canonized texts are considered as valuable, canon restricts the reader’s possession of andRead MoreDescription of The Divinity of the Scriptures1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bible is a book that is comprised of over forty different authors and sixty six different books, which are sub-divided into the Old and New Testament. The division is because the Old is the books that we inherited from the Jewish faith and the New Testament is during the time of and after the Messiah, had come and is only in the Christian Bible. The Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are given by the inspiration of God because, they complement each other, they declare prophecy and fulfillmentRead MoreThe Most Influential Text is the Bible1558 Words   |  6 Pages The Bible is widely regarded as perhaps the most influential text in the record of human history. Both Judaism and Christianity hold the Bible in high spiritual regard, due to its function as the basis for these two respective relig ions. The Bible serves as a single divine anthology, comprised of a series of books that have been meticulously composed by hundreds of authors over hundreds of years (Armstrong, 2007). Over the course of human history, the stories, lessons, and parables found withinRead MoreThe United States Of The Bible1536 Words   |  7 Pagesto be more fundamental and enduring than the Bible (Reagan).† These are words spoken by the 40th President of the United States of America, Ronald Reagan. The fundamentals of the Bible are vast, a few include God as creator of all, sin and its consequences, God’s redemption of mankind through Jesus, the work of the Holy Spirit, and Heaven and hell. The Christian Bible is comprised of the 39 books in the Old Testament and 27 books in the New Testament. A man by the name of Marcion is believed toRead MoreBoring s Introduction Of The New Testament898 Words   |  4 PagesBoring’s Introduction to the New Testament, was a very interesti ng book. It detailed just about everything you would want to know about the New Testament and then some. He left no stone unturned in taking you deep into the history of every book and just about every writer that wrote the books of the New Testament. Boring is a very detailed writer, he takes you beyond what you think that you might know and in his own way breaks it down in a kind of complex way. The title explains the subject just

The Beautiful Letdown free essay sample

For as long as I can remember, I have beeninfatuated with all types of rock music. Over the years I have purchased manyrock albums, some decent and some disappointing, in a quest for the ideal.Occasionally I would come across an album so appealing that I would convincemyself I had found the ideal album. But then I would grow tired of it, andrealize its insufficiency. Id end up, once again, disillusioned. As timepassed I became increasingly fastidious in my purchases; I even succumbed to thenotion that rock is dead as the deep meanings and messages in those powerfulsounds and identifiable lyrics were gradually replaced by repetitious hip-hop andmeaningless pop music. I was close to denying the existence of theperfect rock album, but then, when I least expected it, I witnessed theinexpressible sublimity of Switchfoots The Beautiful Letdown. Icouldnt believe my ears the producing, songwriting, playing, singing and soundwere perfect. We will write a custom essay sample on The Beautiful Letdown or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had finally found the ideal rock album and was utterlyhappy and satisfied every time I listened to this superlative collection of 11songs. Perhaps the most extraordinary track is This is Your Life. Theintro is very distinct and makes an intriguing transition from the previous song.It begins with decelerated base sounds separated by pausing intervals thatgradually lead into a shrill synthesizer, immediately followed by the soft strumsof a 12-string acoustic guitar played by Jon Foreman. After Foreman singsprofound lyrics about the inevitability of the unchangeable past, he utters thewords, This is your life Are you who you want to be? At thispoint, the listener is either weeping or completely dumfounded at the songsomnipotence I think I passed out the first time I heard it. Anotherawesome song is the title track. The message here is so undeniably true that itpractically demands the listeners undivided attention. Foreman addresses achallenging truth about the distinct time when each is faced with the decision toaccept Christ as Savior and convert. Foreman calls this conversion thebeautiful letdown because what once seemed beautiful is always a letdown when youfind truth in God. The Beautiful Letdown is only one of many thatfocuses on spiritual longing, and is perhaps the reason why this is the idealrock album. Every song is incomparably impressive, I guarantee it.Through this album, Switchfoot has impacted my life. And if you have not yetwitnessed this, I hope and pray The Beautiful Letdown will becomeyour ideal rock album.

Religious Challenges to Constructing a Democratic Iraq Essay Sample free essay sample

Islam has been Iraq’s dominant faith for centuries. The faith plays an of import portion in every facet of Iraq’s society. to include its authorities. A democracy gives freedom to a nation’s people. encompassing the many features of Christianity. It can be argued that Islam is. and will go on to be a basis of any authorities in Iraq. Likewise. Christianity will be a basis of many democratic states. The challenge is to research the relationship of a democracy in Iraq. and whether the relationship will work sing the prevalent Islam faith. The Challenge of Establishing a Democracy in Iraq It has been seven old ages since the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom. and the remotion of Saddam Hussein’s government. One clear aim since the start of the war was to transfuse a authorities where all citizens could bask the same freedoms of other democratic states. However. transfusing democracy in a Muslim society can be immense hurdle to get the better of. The representative characteristics of a democratic authorities may non needfully aline with the spiritual. norms of a Muslim society. To derive an apprehension of the footing of a democracy in Iraq. the history and prevailing faith must be carefully dissected. The history and associated faith. along with the dogmas of democracy. must be carefully unraveled to pull a comparing between the two. Merely so can one determine whether a democracy can boom in Iraq. History of Iraq Normally known as the place of birth of the universe. or Mesopotamia. to be exact. the country between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is regarded as the possible location of the Garden of Eden. Iraq has been a state of struggle and invasion all the manner back to the 4th century BC. when the vanquisher. Alexander the Great. devastated the country ( Boyd. 2003. p. 4 ) . The Sumerians were the first important swayers. shortly to be followed by Sargon I. the Akkadians. and eventually. the Emmalites ( Boyd. 2003. p. 4 ) . Muhammad’s clip in 610 AD. marked a really of import point in Iraq’s history. During this clip. Islam would come into being. The debut of Islam would convey peace and competition. preponderantly displayed amongst Muslims and Abbasid calif. Centuries subsequently. and the beginning of WW I. British military personnels would occupy the part and enforce their power. Shortly after the war. the League of Nations gave Britain. Syria. and France authorization over the state. Although the state would go independent in 1932. it would once more fall under British control to forestall a pro-Nazi overthrow ( Boyd. 2003. p. 4 ) . In 1947. Iraq eventually gained its independency. Independence would convey about several decennaries of military leaders rule in an effort to form the authorities. These efforts would finally neglect. until 1968. This would be the twelvemonth. the Ba’ath party would take power ( William. 2000. p. 91 ) . One adult male would rapidly mount to the top. due to much quarrelling amongst party ranks. This adult male. Saddam Hussein. would finally emerge as president and leader of the party until April of 2003. Iraq’s history saw much struggle and adversity throughout. but there was one high spot – the debut of Islam. To better understand the primary faith of Iraq. it’s best to take a expression at its histor y. History of Islam Harmonizing to writer. Spencer William ( 2000 ) . in his book. Irak: Old Land. New Nation in Conflict. he notes that Iraq is the â€Å"world centre for Islam† ( S. William. 2000. p. 31 ) To derive a better understanding about the people of Iraq. it is of import to take a expression at the history of its chief faith. Islam traces its roots back to the prophesier. Muhammad ibn Abdallah ( 570-632 AD ) . Muslims believe that Muhammad followed God’s instructions through disclosures from the Archangel Gabriel. Muhammad called on the people to admit a religion in Allah ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 5 ) . Allah was the Arabic word for God. and believed to be the God of Abraham. Moses. Jesus. and Muhammad ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 5 ) . Revelations came to Muhammad. get downing in 610 during the 9th lunar month. or Ramadan. until his decease in 632. These disclosures were transcribed in the Qur’an. Author Gregorian ( 2003 ) notes the words of the Qur’an: â€Å"It is cult of y our male parent. Abraham. He was the 1 who named you Muslims† ( Gregorian. V. 2003. p. 6 ) . â€Å"Muslims† would go the name for those who follow the Islam religion. Islam is similar to Judaism and Christianity in that it is a prophetic faith. This means the reception of God’s messages to humanity through Prophetss. The nucleus maxims of Islam are Towhid. the integrity of God ; Nowbowat. belief in the prophetic mission of Muhammad ; and Ma’ad. belief in the twenty-four hours of judgement and Resurrection ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 7 ) . Additionally. there are five dogmas called the Pillars of Faith that every Muslim must detect as follows: bear true religion in God. and that belief in Muhammad as his prophesier ; to pray five times a twenty-four hours towards Mecca. give a part of his or her income as a revenue enhancement. and one fifth of their income to the hapless ; fast during the twenty-four hours. the whole month of Ramadan ; and do at least one pilgrims journey to Mecca. if able. The early spread of Islam was rather singular. About all the folks of Arabia had converted to Islam in 632. upon Muhammad’s decease. Almost a century after the faiths birth. the Muslim community would turn into one of the largest in the universe ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 11 ) . The Qur’an notes coexiststance with Jews and Christians. and identifies them as â€Å"People of the Book† ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 9 ) . Muslims believe it was Abraham and his boy Ishmael who rebuilt the Kaaba in Mecca. which is believed to be the oldest monotheistic temple. Along with Abraham. Muslims consider Moses and Jesus to be great Prophetss. Like Christians. Muslims accept the New Testament. However ; unlike Christians. Islam did non prolong a centralised organisation. ( Gregorian. 2003. p. 14 ) . The decentalisation of Islam would ensue into two chief religious orders ; the Sunni and Shia. Through the disclosures received by Muhammad. and divisions of the faith there is still common dogmas. To understand the faith wholly. an reading of the rules and features is in order. Dogmas of Islam Islam is a faith based on pluralism. It is believed that the absence of spiritual professionals in the faith led to emergence of several different religious orders. which practiced the religion otherwise. This historically. and common twenty-four hours. has led to challenge and competition among these different religious orders ( Omer. 2003. p. 122 ) . It seems the loan Islam demand is that every bookman construe the Qur’an in conformity with his or her historical background. This will take to a practical apprehension of the faith. One of import observation about the faith and its relationship with authorities is stated by the taking bookman. Omer ( 2003 ) . â€Å"Islamic divinity does non incorporate a comprehensive list of injunctions about the theory of political administration. The Qur’an lone references a figure of moral rules. which are relevant to political administration. and non about its cardinal rules and organisational structure† ( Omer. 2003. p. 108 ) . It has been noted that the Qur’an alludes to past societies and swayers. but focuses chiefly on how these swayers provided justness instead how they formatted the construction of political relations. Slightly similar to beliefs of Christianity and Judaism. parts of the Qur’an identify Acts of the Apostless of evildoing committed by former societies/rulers as evidences for devastation by God. Those who were merely swayers and obeyed God’s orders. were favored. Harmonizing to Omer ( 2003 ) . â€Å"Prophets like David and Solomon. who besides served as male monarchs. were the type of swayers who are praised in the Qur’an for moving rightly and pityingly towards their people† ( Omer. 2003 p. 108 ) . As celebrated above. the Qur’an is focused on the moral behaviour of societies instead the format of political relations. With this being said how would it associate to a democracy? To find any relation. the history of democracy should be examined for compatibility. History of Democracy Democracy comes from the Grecian word demokratia. intending â€Å"the people. † and kratein. intending â€Å"to rule† ( Strauss. 1994. p. 32 ) . The Grecian system of authorities was really near to being a true democracy. or regulation by the people. than any other state in history. Every male Athenian citizen was given a opportunity to play at least a little portion in self-determination ( Strauss. 1994. p. 33 ) . Roman democracy was similar to that of Greece. but non to same extent. The Roman authorities was a representative democracy. which had elected functionaries ( magistrates ) such as tribunes. the pretors. the consuls. the pro-consuls. etc. These persons acted for Rome. but did so on the advice of the Senate ( North. 1994. p. 39 ) . In 1215 AD. the Magna Carta opened the door to a more democratic system in England. Although its development wasn’t needfully intended to be a theoretical account for a democratic authorities. it had the interior workings to make a democratic authorities by. Created through an act of rebellion. the papers was solution to feudal administration. The Magna Carta contained some brawny clauses that in wining centuries evolved into anchor rules of democratic authorities and human rights ( Sharp. 2006. p. 28 ) . In 1628. England’s Petition of Rights stipulated that the King could no longer revenue enhancement without parliament’s permission and the 1689 Bill of Rights provided freedom of address and banned cruel or unusual penalty. These measures would hold an impact on Parliament by giving the people more right to show themselves. These old reforms may non hold made England a true democracy at the clip. but they did integrate democratic ideals that would be finally used to organize the authorities of the United States. With an apprehension of the beginnings of democracy. it’s of import to look at how the predominate faith in America relates to it. Christianity and Democracy Democracy development matched that of Christianity. dating back to the 3rd century to Aurelius Augustinus. who was really of import for conveying Grecian thought into Christianity. Augustinus. or Augustine of Hippo is a saint and well-renowned expert in the church. He’s besides known by Protestants as ascendant of Protestantism. Augustine purposes were to acquire Christians to acknowledge the differentiation between church and province. His work supported the thought of a incorporate Christian commonwealth organisation ( Maddox. 2002 p. 91 ) . A ulterior theologist. Jean Calvin. would construct upon what Augustine started. Jean Calvin would go a dominant spiritual figure through his widespread Protestant influence and Restoration of the church’s institutional construction ( Graham. 2002. p. 121 ) . Calvin influenced the authorities of Geneva to incorporate the official maps of church and restatement of natural jurisprudence. intending to function the involvements of God ’s kingdom ( Graham. 2002. p. 123 ) . His insisting on the separation of church and province led to the tem â€Å"Calvinism. † Calvinism referred to the opposition against the province to put down Torahs for faith. Calvinism would subsequently distribute to America. with a publicity of spiritual freedom -true dogmas of a democracy. Within the Christian tradition there are differences between Catholicism. Orthodox Christianity. and Protestantism. but all portion a common subject when it comes to Christianity and democracy. Minkenberg ( 2007 ) makes the remark that. â€Å"recent informations and cross-time comparings confirm that democracy’s roots are in states which are culturally shaped by Christianity† ( Minkenberg. 2007. p. 887 ) . Furthermore. it can be argued that Western civilisation offprints faith and the province as in conformity with the dogmas of a democracy. The separation is major subscriber to the freedom enjoyed by the Western Civilization ( Minkenberg. 2007. p. 893 ) . It’s hard to state whether faith should blend with the province. but understanding the steering rules of democracy may assist in replying this inquiry. Dogmas of Democracy Before comparing the relationship between Islam and democracy. a elucidation of democracy is in order. Democracy is accepted by political idea pupils as a agency of administration. prevailing in both traditional and modern societies ( Omer. 2003. p. 107 ) . The construct of democracy good known for its laterality in Western civilisation ( Giovani. 1987. p. 3 ) . Harmonizing to Giovani ( 1987 ) . democracy literally means â€Å"power of the people. † and that the power belongs to the people ( Giovani. 1987. p. 7 ) . The ill-famed values of democracy are human rights and autonomies. and authorities representatives chosen by the people. The basiss of a democracy are characterized by the procedure of election. the constitution of answerability systems and the execution of the regulation of jurisprudence ( Spicker. 2008. p. 252 ) . Principles. such as human rights and autonomies. must be in topographic point in order for a authorities to be genuinely labeled a democracy. This is includes periodic elections. constitutional authorities. bulk regulation. and handiness of the media ( Omer. 2003. p. 107 ) . Two major signifiers of democracy are direct or indirect. In a authorities based on direct democracy. determinations are taken by the whole organic structure of citizens. Indirect democracy is normally represented by a little group of citizens. who make determinations on behalf of the whole organic structure. Indirect democracy is normally more common. These dogmas are merely some of the demands for a authorities or society to earn the â€Å"democracy† label. Understanding the background of Islam and democracy is merely a start. To find whether they can coexist. a comparing is in order. Islamic Thought vs. the Keystones of a DemocracyCaliphate. emperorship and kingship types of authorities had a long history for Muslim societies. but were non built-in with Muslim beliefs. However. this was non needfully a urgent issue for Islam ( Omer. 2003. p. 106 ) . Harmonizing to Omer ( 2003 ) . the five major spiritual beliefs in the universe ( Christianity. Confucianism. Buddhism. Judaism and Islam ) . Islam has been furthest from democracy ( Omer. 2003. p. 106 ) . Loyalty to the household and to the folk does non aline with the rules of democratic authorities. where as the bulk regulation ( Ben-Meir. 2006. p. 84 ) . Even today. most Muslim states are governed by non-democratic governments. Some of these governments have constructed autocratic constructions under the absolute regulation of a cult leader. a party leader. or a male monarch. These types of authoritiess do non set peoples’ rights as a precedence to running the state. Whereas. The most cardinal values of democracy are human rights and autonomies. Omer ( 2003 ) states that â€Å"it has been apparent that democracy. among its options. is the alone signifier of authorities that strives to vouch the rights of all minorities and persons on the footing of the regulation of law† ( Omer. 2003. p. 107 ) . Even though there are differences between Islamic and democratic idea. there is hope. India’s success at set uping democracy in respects to its nation’s faiths. is testament that Islam and democracy can blend. This leads to the really of import inquiry: can a democracy return clasp in Iraq. sing the Islamic beliefs of the state? Can Democracy Take Hold in an Islamic Iraq? On one manus ; extremist Islamic attacks or reactive motions. seem to reject everything that comes from the West. This attitude can belie the societal footing of seeking to do democracy in a Muslim state work ( Omer. 2003. p. 132 ) . Another issue for the Iraqi people is the political orientation of political Islamism. The faith is non needfully open to the nucleus values and patterns of democracy. viz. pluralism and power-sharing ( Tibi. 2009. p. 136 ) . On the other manus ; it seems after the remotion of Saddam. faith has become a new credo for opposition against foreign presence. Islam is one time once more being promoted as an across-the-board facet of life for the Iraqi people. Harmonizing to Milton-Edwards ( 2006 ) . â€Å"there is now an attempt to procure the individuality of the society – including the province – on the footing of faith† ( Milton-Edwards. 2006. p. 473 ) . Some intellectuals have concentrated on the rebuttal inherent in Muslim fundamental ist statements against democracy. One of the writers of this discourse. Abdel Karim Soroush. proclaimed that rules of democracy remain compatible with Islam ( as cited in Milton-Edwards. 2006 ) . It seems that the Iraq Muslims need to understand the dogmas of a democratic civilisation in order for it to be successful. Clearly. democratic ideals are most in melody with the dogmas of Islam. non the autocratic political constructions predominating in some states environing Iraq. The system of rights and autonomies under a democracy may non stand a opportunity without the support of the Islam faithful. This is supported by professor Milton-Edward’s mention. † because of this there is a widespread belief that in Iraq Islam is an inhibitor to the development of democracy in a post-authoritarian. post-war. post-occupation province. My statement here. nevertheless. is that without Islam the development of the Iraqi civil order in footings of both province and state will be stunted. unreal and limited in footings of the development of democratic governance† ( Milton-Edward. 2006 ) . Iraq can change over to a democracy. but Islam needs to play an of import portion in this transition. Decision Instilling democracy in a Muslim society can be a immense hurdle to get the better of. The representative characteristics of a democratic authorities may non needfully aline with the spiritual. norms of a Muslim society. Looking at the history of Iraq and Islam and comparing it to the history of a democracy. it seems the comparing is black and white. Further comparing of the dogmas of Islam and democracy reveal few similarities. This diffence was highlighted by the many beginnings researching the relationship of a democracy in a Muslim society. Islam contains moral rules refering values that determine the way of societal life. With this being said. it can be argued that these moral rules are more compatible with a democratic than a nondemocratic government. Democracy and its dogmas did non happen quickly and the same can be said for Islam. This means the freeze of a democratic signifier of authorities in Iraq is traveling to take clip. However. in my sentiment. I believe it could be rather plausible. The footing of Islam is on moral behaviour of societies instead than the format of political relations. as noted above by Dr. Omer. I agree with this impression. as it implies a separation of the province and the faith. Democracy’s publicity of human rights and autonomies and its alliance with Christianity. portions similar nucleus beliefs as Islam. In stoping. we can merely trust there is credence of democracy in an Islamic Iraq. and that one twenty-four hours all Iraqi citizens will bask the same freedoms as other democratic states. Mentions Ben-Meir. A. ( 2006 ) . Challenges to democracy in the Arab and Muslim universe. Options:Turkish Journal to International Relations. 5. ( 1 A ; 2 ) . 82-91. Boyd. H. ( 2003 ) . Iraq’s troubled history. The New York Amsterdam News. 94 ( 13 ) . 4. Giovinni. S. ( 1987 ) . The theory of democracy revisited. [ Part 1 ] . [ The Contemporary Argument ] . Chatham House. Chatham. N. J. 8.Gregorian. V. ( 2003 ) . Muslimism: A mosaic. non a monolith. Brookings Institution Press.Washington. D. C. 5-14.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. netlibrary. com. Yosemite. wbu. edu/Reader/ Maddox. G. ( 2002 ) . Religion and the rise of democracy. Ebsco Publishing. London ; New YorkRoutledge. 91. 121-123.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. netlibrary. com. 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American democracy through ancient Grecian eyes. History Today. 44. ( 4 ) . 32. Tibi. B. ( 2009 ) Islamism and Democracy: On the Compatibility of Institutional Islamism and thePolitical Culture of Democracy. Totalitarian Motions and Political Religions. 10. ( 2 ) .135–164.William. S. ( 2000 ) . Irak: Old Land. New Nation in Conflict. Twenty-first Century Books.Brookfield. Conn. 39-40. 91.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. netlibrary. com. Yosemite. wbu. edu/Reader/